ADHD symptoms in adults: Toward a bio-psycho-social model.
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| Year of publication | 2023 |
| Type | Appeared in Conference without Proceedings |
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| Description | Objectives: This study aims to describe the manifestations of ADHD in adults from a bio-psycho-social perspective in the Czech Republic. Methods: The research sample involved 102 respondents with ADHD, 49 persons from their social environment, five experts, and three critical diagnostic documents (DSM-5; ICD-11 and Updated European Consensus Statement on diagnosis and treatment of adult ADHD). We used qualitative content analysis with a directed approach to process statements about the manifestation of ADHD and its main symptoms (hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention) in adulthood. Results: We found primary manifestations of hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention across all these samples. Apart from these, manifestations coded as Restless sitting, Interrupting others, Not- listening, Social relationships, and Anger management were consistent in 3 out of 4 samples. Four manifestations were unique to adults with ADHD and coded as Tiredness, Problems with control of impulses, Impulsive shopping, and Urge to act. Our results suggest that hyperactivity and impulsivity have essential motor and verbal components. Conclusions: ADHD symptoms in adulthood were described consistently by the experts, the adults with ADHD, and their social environment. Our results are more in line with the ADHD concept described by the Updated European Consensus Statement on diagnosis and treatment of adult ADHD than both DSM-5 and ICD-11 (Some potentially critical aspects of adult ADHD have diminished significance in current diagnostic manuals or are omitted entirely). This study did not require Ethical Committee approval. |