A theoretical assessment of microplastic transport in river catchments and their retention by soils and river sediments

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Publikace nespadá pod Pedagogickou fakultu, ale pod Přírodovědeckou fakultu. Oficiální stránka publikace je na webu muni.cz.
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NIZZETTO Luca BUSSI Gianbattista FUTTER Martyn N. BUTTERFIELD Dan WHITEHEAD Paul G.

Rok publikování 2016
Druh Článek v odborném periodiku
Časopis / Zdroj ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-PROCESSES & IMPACTS
Fakulta / Pracoviště MU

Přírodovědecká fakulta

Citace
www http://pubs.rsc.org/en/Content/ArticleLanding/2016/EM/C6EM00206D#!divAbstract
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6em00206d
Obor Vliv životního prostředí na zdraví
Klíčová slova SEWAGE-SLUDGE; INCA; MODEL; LAND
Popis The presence of microplastics (MPs) in the environment is a problem of growing concern. While research has focused on MP occurrence and impacts in the marine environment, very little is known about their release on land, storage in soils and sediments and transport by run-off and rivers. This study describes a first theoretical assessment of these processes. A mathematical model of catchment hydrology, soil erosion and sediment budgets was upgraded to enable description of MP fate. The Thames River in the UK was used as a case study. A general lack of data on MP emissions to soils and rivers and the mass of MPs in agricultural soils, limits the present work to serve as a purely theoretical, nevertheless rigorous, assessment that can be used to guide future monitoring and impact evaluations. The fundamental assumption on which modelling is based is that the same physical controls on soil erosion and natural sediment transport (for which model calibration and validation are possible), also control MP transport and storage. Depending on sub-catchment soil characteristics and precipitation patterns, approximately 16-38% of the heavier-than-water MPs hypothetically added to soils (e.g. through routine applications of sewage sludge) are predicted to be stored locally. In the stream, MPs < 0.2 mm are generally not retained, regardless of their density. Larger MPs with densities marginally higher than water can instead be retained in the sediment. It is, however, anticipated that high flow periods can remobilize this pool. Sediments of river sections experiencing low stream power are likely hotspots for deposition of MPs. Exposure and impact assessments should prioritize these environments.
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