Live and let die: centromere loss during evolution of plant chromosomes

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Authors

LYSÁK Martin

Year of publication 2014
Type Article in Periodical
Magazine / Source New Phytologist
MU Faculty or unit

Central European Institute of Technology

Citation
Web http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nph.12885/abstract
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nph.12885
Field Genetics and molecular biology
Keywords DICENTRIC CHROMOSOMES; KARYOTYPE EVOLUTION; GENOME SIZE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; NUMBER REDUCTION; BREAKAGE-FUSION; PHYSICAL MAP; HISTONE H3; MAIZE; INACTIVATION
Description Functional centromeres, ensuring regular chromosome segregation in mitosis and meiosis, are a prerequisite for the evolutionary success of pre-existing and new chromosome variants. The rapid progress in plant comparative genomics and cytogenetics brings new insights into the evolutionary fate of centromeres and mechanisms of chromosome number reduction (descending dysploidy). Centromere loss and relocation in chromosome regions with otherwise conserved collinearity can be explained by conventional mechanisms of chromosome rearrangements or, as newly available phylogenomic and cytogenomic data suggest, by centromere inactivation through epigenetic chromatin modifications and/or intra-and inter-chromosomal recombination.
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