Functional analysis of the p.(Leu15Pro) and p.(Gly20Arg) sequence changes in the signal sequence of LDL receptor

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Authors

PAVLOUŠKOVÁ Jana RÉBLOVÁ Kamila TICHÝ Lukáš FREIBERGER Tomáš FAJKUSOVÁ Lenka

Year of publication 2016
Type Article in Periodical
Magazine / Source Atherosclerosis
MU Faculty or unit

Central European Institute of Technology

Citation
Web http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0021915016301538/1-s2.0-S0021915016301538-main.pdf?_tid=d82a03fc-7be9-11e6-964b-00000aacb360&acdnat=1474015676_ce7bba0ba82d824feeaa60145b229282
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.04.022
Field Cardiovascular diseases incl. cardiosurgery
Keywords Endoplasmic reticulum; Familial hypercholesterolemia; Fluorescence microscopy; LDL; Modeling; Mutations; Signal sequence
Attached files
Description The low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) is a transmembrane protein that plays a key role in cholesterol metabolism. It contains 860 amino acids including a 21 amino acid long signal sequence, which directs the protein into the endoplasmic reticulum. Mutations in the LDLR gene lead to cholesterol accumulation in the plasma and results in familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). Knowledge of the impact of a mutation on the LDLR protein structure and function is very important for the diagnosis and management of FH. Unfortunately, for a large proportion of mutations this information is still missing. In this study, we focused on the LDLR signal sequence and carried out functional and in silico analyses of two sequence changes, p.(Gly20Arg) and p.(Leu15Pro), localized in this part of the LDLR. Our results revealed that the p.(Gly20Arg) change, previously described as disease causing, has no detrimental effect on protein expression or LDL particle binding. In silico analysis supports this observation, showing that both the wt and p.(Gly20Arg) signal sequences adopt an expected alpha-helix structure. In contrast, the mutation p.(Leu15Pro) is not associated with functional protein expression and exhibits a structure with disrupted a alpha-helical arrangement in the signal sequence, which most likely affects protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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