Influence of Trp flipping on carbohydrate binding in lectins. An example on Aleuria aurantia lectin AAL

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Authors

HOUSER Josef KOZMON Stanislav MISHRA Deepti MISHRA Sushil Kumar ROMANO Patrick R WIMMEROVÁ Michaela KOČA Jaroslav

Year of publication 2017
Type Article in Periodical
Magazine / Source Plos one
MU Faculty or unit

Central European Institute of Technology

Citation
Web http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0189375&type=printable
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0189375
Field Biochemistry
Keywords FUCOSE-SPECIFIC LECTIN; DISPERSION INTERACTIONS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PI INTERACTION; CORE FUCOSE; PROTEIN; APPROXIMATION; ENERGY; RECOGNITION; SPECIFICITY
Description Protein-carbohydrate interactions are very often mediated by the stacking CH-pi interactions involving the side chains of aromatic amino acids such as tryptophan (Trp), tyrosine (Tyr) or phenylalanine (Phe). Especially suitable for stacking is the Trp residue. Analysis of the PDB database shows Trp stacking for 265 carbohydrate or carbohydrate-like ligands in 5 208 Trp-containing motives. An appropriate model system to study such an interaction is the AAL lectin family, where the stacking interactions play a crucial role and are thought to be a driving force for carbohydrate binding. In this study we present data showing a novel finding in the stacking interaction of the AAL Trp side chain with the carbohydrate. High resolution X-ray structure of the AAL lectin from Aleuria aurantia with alpha-methyl-L-fucoside ligand shows two possible Trp side chain conformations with the same occupation in electron density. The in silico data shows that the conformation of the Trp side chain does not influence the interaction energy despite the fact that each conformation creates interactions with different carbohydrate CH groups. Moreover, the PDB data search shows that the conformations are almost equally distributed across all Trp-carbohydrate complexes, which would suggest no substantial preference for one conformation over another.
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