Calcium signaling mediates five types of cell morphological changes to form neural rosettes

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Authors

HŘÍBKOVÁ Hana GRABIEC Marta KLEMOVÁ Dobromila SLANINOVÁ Iva WADELEY Yuh-Man

Year of publication 2018
Type Article in Periodical
Magazine / Source Journal of Cell Science
MU Faculty or unit

Faculty of Medicine

Citation
Web http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.206896
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.206896
Keywords Embryonic stem cells; Neural stem cell niche; Neural rosette formation; Calcium; Neurogenesis; Adherens junctions; Cytoskeleton proteins
Description Neural rosette formation is a critical morphogenetic process during neural development, whereby neural stem cells are enclosed in rosette niches to equipoise proliferation and differentiation. How neural rosettes form and provide a regulatory micro-environment remains to be elucidated. We employed the human embryonic stem cell-based neural rosette system to investigate the structural development and function of neural rosettes. Our study shows that neural rosette formation consists of five types of morphological change: intercalation, constriction, polarization, elongation and lumen formation. Ca2+ signaling plays a pivotal role in the five steps by regulating the actions of the cytoskeletal complexes, actin, myosin II and tubulin during intercalation, constriction and elongation. These, in turn, control the polarizing elements, ZO-1, PARD3 and beta-catenin during polarization and lumen production for neural rosette formation. We further demonstrate that the dismantlement of neural rosettes, mediated by the destruction of cytoskeletal elements, promotes neurogenesis and astrogenesis prematurely, indicating that an intact rosette structure is essential for orderly neural development.
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