Intervertebral disc penetration by antibiotics used prophylactically in spinal surgery: implications for the current standards and treatment of disc infections

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Authors

CAPOOR Manu LOCHMAN Jan MCDOWELL Andrew SCHMITZ Jonathan E. SOLANSKÝ Martin ZAPLETALOVÁ Martina ALAMIN Todd F. COSCIA Michael F. GARFIN Steven R. JANČÁLEK Radim RŮŽIČKA Filip SHAMIE Nick A. SMRČKA Martin WANG Jeffrey C. BIRKENMAIER Christof SLABÝ Ondřej

Year of publication 2019
Type Article in Periodical
Magazine / Source European Spine Journal
MU Faculty or unit

Central European Institute of Technology

Citation
Web https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00586-018-5838-z.pdf
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00586-018-5838-z
Keywords Propionibacterium acnes; Cutibacterium acnes; Degenerative disc disease; Biofilm; Cefazolin; Clindamycin; Vancomycin; Surgical prophylaxis
Description PurposeThe presence of Propionibacterium acnes in a substantial component of resected disc specimens obtained from patients undergoing discectomy or microdiscectomy has led to the suggestion that this prominent human skin and oral commensal may exacerbate the pathology of degenerative disc disease. This hypothesis, therefore, raises the exciting possibility that antibiotics could play an important role in treating this debilitating condition. To date, however, little information about antibiotic penetration into the intervertebral disc is available. MethodsIntervertebral disc tissue obtained from 54 microdiscectomy patients given prophylactic cefazolin (n=25), clindamycin (n=17) or vancomycin (n=12) was assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography, with cefaclor as an internal standard, to determine the concentration of antibiotic penetrating into the disc tissue.ResultsIntervertebral disc tissues from patients receiving the positively charged antibiotic clindamycin contained a significantly greater percentage of the antibacterial dose than the tissue from patients receiving negatively charged cefazolin (P<0.0001) and vancomycin, which has a slight positive charge (P<0.0001).ConclusionPositively charged antibiotics appear more appropriate for future studies investigating potential options for the treatment of low-virulence disc infections. [GRAPHICS]
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