The frequency and consequences of multipolar mitoses in undifferentiated embryonic stem cells

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Authors

POSPÍŠILOVÁ Veronika EŠNER Milan ČERVENKOVÁ Iveta FEDR Radek TINEVEZ Jean-Yvez HAMPL Aleš ANGER Martin

Year of publication 2019
Type Article in Periodical
Magazine / Source Journal of applied biomedicine
MU Faculty or unit

Faculty of Medicine

Citation
Web http://dx.doi.org/10.32725/jab.2019.018
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.32725/jab.2019.018
Keywords Embryonic stem (ES) cells; Mitosis length; Multipolar division; Single-cell tracking; Spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC); Time-lapse microscopy
Description Embryonic stem (ES) cells are pluripotent cells widely used in cell therapy and tissue engineering. However, the broader clinical applications of ES cells are limited by their genomic instability and karyotypic abnormalities. Thus, understanding the mechanisms underlying ES cell karyotypic abnormalities is critical to optimizing their dinical use. In this study, we focused on proliferating human and mouse ES cells undergoing multipolar divisions. Specifically, we analyzed the frequency and outcomes of such divisions using a combination of time-lapse microscopy and cell tracking. This revealed that cells resulting from multipolar divisions were not only viable, but they also frequently underwent subsequent cell divisions. Our novel data also showed that in human and mouse ES cells, multipolar spindles allowed more robust escape from chromosome segregation control mechanisms than bipolar spindles. Considering the frequency of multipolar divisions in proliferating ES cells, it is conceivable that cell division errors underlie ES cell karyotypic instability.
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