Preference tematických a taxonomických vztahů u předškolních dětí
| Title in English | Preference for thematic and taxonomic relations in preschool children |
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| Authors | |
| Year of publication | 2023 |
| Type | Article in Periodical |
| Magazine / Source | Československá psychologie |
| MU Faculty or unit | |
| Citation | |
| Web | https://ceskoslovenskapsychologie.cz/index.php/csps/article/view/261 |
| Doi | http://dx.doi.org/10.51561/cspsych.67.2.141 |
| Keywords | taxonomic categories; thematic categories; concepts; syllogism; preschoolers; Luria; |
| Attached files | |
| Description | When solving problems, one relies on different types of relationships between representations: taxonomic, thematic, perceptual, or causal. For many years, the opinion prevailed that preschool children prefer thematic relationships (over taxonomic representations) and that only subsequently did children from thematic thinking develop taxonomic thinking due to school education. This view has been reconsidered since the 1970s. The aim of the study was to find out what solution (taxonomic or thematic) preschool children will prefer in the presented tasks. The secondary aim was to capture the qualitative peculiarities of their solutions. The research involved 82 preschool children (average age 65 months). The respondents were presented with fourteen tasks, which were inspired by those used by A. R. Luria in his cross-cultural research. Respondents' answers were recorded, transcribed, and categorized according to the rationale for the chosen solution. The frequencies of individual types of responses were monitored; using regression analysis, the relationship between the number of taxonomic solutions and the age and gender of respondents was examined. It was found that in three experiments (categorization of geometric shapes, finding similarities and syllogisms) the taxonomic solutions prevailed in the examined children. Only in the experiment with forced-choice task did thematic solutions prevail. These results fit in with the findings of other studies, but the overall rate of taxonomic solutions in the examined sample and the predominance of taxonomic solutions in solving syllogisms are surprising. |
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