Treponematosis in critically endangered Western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) in Senegal

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Authors

SEREME Youssouf ZARZA Sandra Madariaga MEDKOUR Hacene MEZOUAR Soraya DOTRAS Laia BARCIELA Amanda HERNANDEZ-AGUILAR R Adriana VITTE Joana ŠMAJS David LOUNI Meriem MULOT Baptiste LECLERC Antoine JEAN-PASCAL Guéry ORAIN Nicolas DIATTA Georges SOKHNA Cheikh RAOULT Didier DAVOUST Bernard FENOLLAR Florence MEDIANNIKOV Oleg

Year of publication 2024
Type Article in Periodical
Magazine / Source One Health
MU Faculty or unit

Faculty of Medicine

Citation
Web https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235277142400020X
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100694
Keywords Treponema pallidum; Chimpanzees; StoolImmunoglobulins; Serology
Attached files
Description Treponematoses encompass a group of chronic and debilitating bacterial diseases transmitted sexually or by direct contact and attributed to Treponema pallidum. Despite being documented since as far back as 1963, the epidemiology of treponematoses in wild primates has remained an uninvestigated territory due to the inherent challenges associated with conducting examinations and obtaining invasive biological samples from wild animals. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the presence of treponemal infections in the critically endangered Western chimpanzees in Senegal, utilizing an innovative non-invasive stool serology method. We provide compelling evidence of the existence of anti-Treponema-specific antibodies in 13 out of 29 individual chimpanzees. Our study also underscores the significant potential of stool serology as a valuable non-invasive tool for monitoring and surveilling crucial emerging diseases in wild animals. We recognize two major implications: (1) the imperative need to assess the risks of treponematosis in Western chimpanzee populations and (2) the necessity to monitor and manage this disease following a holistic One Health approach.
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